An Appraisal of Substance Abuse Management by Psychiatric Nurses in General Hospital, Jos
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Background of the Study
Substance abuse is a growing public health challenge in Nigeria, with increasing cases of drug addiction, particularly among youths and young adults (National Drug Law Enforcement Agency [NDLEA], 2023). The abuse of substances such as opioids, cannabis, alcohol, and amphetamines has led to a rise in mental health disorders, crime, and social instability (Adeyemi et al., 2024). Psychiatric nurses play a crucial role in managing substance abuse cases, providing interventions such as counseling, detoxification support, and rehabilitation services.
General hospitals, including General Hospital, Jos, serve as critical healthcare facilities where psychiatric nurses are responsible for identifying, treating, and referring patients with substance use disorders. However, despite the growing need for effective substance abuse management, challenges such as inadequate staffing, lack of specialized training, and stigma associated with addiction hinder the efficiency of psychiatric nurses in managing substance abuse cases (Okeke & Yusuf, 2023).
Studies have shown that effective substance abuse management requires a multidisciplinary approach, incorporating medical treatment, psychological support, and community reintegration programs (Eze et al., 2024). However, the extent to which psychiatric nurses in General Hospital, Jos, adhere to best practices in substance abuse management remains unclear. This study aims to appraise the strategies used by psychiatric nurses in managing substance abuse, assessing their effectiveness and identifying areas for improvement.
Statement of the Problem
Substance abuse remains a persistent issue in Nigeria, contributing to mental health disorders, increased hospital admissions, and societal challenges. Despite the important role psychiatric nurses play in managing substance abuse, there is limited research on their effectiveness in this domain (WHO, 2024). Many psychiatric nurses face constraints such as a lack of resources, inadequate training in addiction medicine, and the stigmatization of substance use disorders, which impact their ability to deliver comprehensive care (Sani et al., 2023).
Additionally, the high relapse rates among patients undergoing substance abuse treatment indicate potential gaps in the management approaches employed by psychiatric nurses (Okon et al., 2024). It is, therefore, necessary to assess the effectiveness of psychiatric nurses in substance abuse management at General Hospital, Jos, identifying the challenges they face and recommending strategies for improvement.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the effectiveness of psychiatric nurses in managing substance abuse cases at General Hospital, Jos.
- To identify the challenges psychiatric nurses face in providing substance abuse interventions.
- To evaluate the impact of substance abuse management on patient recovery and relapse prevention.
Research Questions
- How effective are psychiatric nurses in managing substance abuse cases at General Hospital, Jos?
- What challenges do psychiatric nurses encounter in treating patients with substance use disorders?
- What is the impact of psychiatric nurses’ interventions on patient recovery and relapse prevention?
Research Hypotheses
- Psychiatric nurses effectively manage substance abuse cases at General Hospital, Jos.
- Challenges such as inadequate training and stigma negatively affect the management of substance abuse cases.
- Psychiatric nurses' interventions significantly improve patient recovery and reduce relapse rates.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on psychiatric nurses working in General Hospital, Jos, assessing their approaches to substance abuse management. The study will be limited by factors such as patients' willingness to participate, potential biases in self-reported data, and challenges in tracking long-term patient outcomes.
Definitions of Terms
- Substance Abuse: The excessive or harmful use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and drugs.
- Psychiatric Nurses: Nurses specializing in mental health care, including addiction treatment.
- Relapse Prevention: Strategies aimed at preventing the recurrence of substance use after treatment.
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